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类风湿关节炎患者外周血TTS合成酶的表达与疾病活动度相关性研究

时间:2022-12-09 12:00:09 来源:网友投稿

[摘要] 目的 分析類风湿关节炎患者外周血TTS合成酶的表达并探讨其与疾病活动度相关性。 方法 选取2017年2月~2018年2月来我院就诊的80例类风湿关节炎患者为观察组,选取同期来我院体检的80健康者为对照组。通过PCR法分析两组TTS、IDO mRNA的表达情况,探讨TTS mRNA的表达在不同活动度类风湿关节炎患者中表达的差异。 结果 观察组患者CRP、ESR、RF水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);类风湿关节炎患者活动度越高,CRP、ESR、RF、DAS28评分越高;观察组TTS mRNA的表达显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组IDO mRNA的表达和对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05);不同活动度类风湿关节炎患者TTS mRNA的表达不同,活动度越高,TTS mRNA的表达越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TTS mRNA的表达量与 ESR 的含量、DAS28得分呈正相关。 结论 类风湿关节炎患者中 TTS mRNA 表达升高,可能与色氨酸代谢失调相关,且疾病活动度越高,TTS mRNA 的表达量越高。

[关键词] 类风湿关节炎;TTS合成酶;疾病活动度;相关性

[中图分类号] R593.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2018)23-0015-04

Relationship between expression of TTS synthase in peripheral blood and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

CHEN Yongbo1 QU Lusha2 LI Qingqing2 YUAN Yuan1

1.Department of Clinical Laboratory, Enze Medical Center (Group) Taizhou Hospital, Linhai 317000, China; 2.Operation Room, Enze Medical Center (Group) Taizhou Hospital, Linhai 317000, China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the expression of TTS synthetase in peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and explore its correlation with disease activity. Methods 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated in our hospital from February 2017 to February 2018 were selected as the observation group. 80 healthy people who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The expression of TTS and IDO mRNA in the observation group and the control group was analyzed by PCR and the differences in the expression of TTS mRNA in rheumatoid arthritis patients with different degrees of activity were explored. Results The levels of CRP, ESR, and RF in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The higher the activity of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the higher the scores of CRP, ESR, RF, DAS28. The expression of TTS mRNA in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of IDO mRNA between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05). The expression of TTS mRNA in patients with different degrees of rheumatoid arthritis was different. The higher the activity, the higher the expression of TTS mRNA, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). TTS mRNA expression was positively correlated with ESR content and DAS28 score. Conclusion The increase of TTS mRNA expression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis may be related to dysregulation of tryptophan metabolism. The higher the disease activity, the higher the expression of TTS mRNA.

[Key words] Rheumatoid arthritis; TTS synthase; Disease activity; Correlation

类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是以关节进行性破坏、滑膜组织炎性增生为特征的自身免疫性疾病[1,2],其病因尚未清楚。在发病过程中,自身免疫细胞被激活并聚集[3,4],滑膜感染,免疫细胞侵入骨关节组织,最终导致骨关节组织的破坏[5,6]。色氨酸(tryptophan,Trp)是细胞生长代谢过程中的必需氨基酸,参与多种组织器官的代谢[7]。色胺酰-tRNA合成酶(tryptophanyl-t RNA synthetase,TTS)属于一种胞内酶,是将色氨酸结合到特异性t RNA上的唯一酶类,催化色氨酸-t RNA复合物的形成,升高组织内色氨酸的含量,进而刺激淋巴细胞的增殖、分化[8]。本研究通过分析类风湿关节炎患者外周血TTS合成酶的表达并探讨其与疾病活动度相关性,为进一步揭开RA的发病机制提供依据。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2017年2月~2018年2月来我院就诊的80例类风湿关节炎患者为观察组,选取同期来我院体检的80健康者为对照组。其中观察组患者均符合美国风湿病学会对类风湿关节炎的诊断标准[9],男19例,女61例;年龄25~76岁,平均(49.5±5.2)岁;对照组男20例,女60例;年龄24~77岁,平均(49.7±5.3)岁。纳入标准:①所有观察组患者均确诊为类风湿关节炎[4];②年龄≥18岁。排除标准:①严重心、肝、肾功能障碍患者;②合并其他免疫系统疾病患者;③妊娠或哺乳期患者;④严重感染患者;⑤合并恶性肿瘤患者。所有入选患者均了解此项研究,并签署知情同意书。

1.2 仪器与设备

荧光定量PCR仪(美国Applied Biosystems公司生产);Trizol(美国Invitrogen公司生产,批号:123805);人外周血淋巴细胞分离液(挪威 Axis-Shield公司生产,批号:15201077);反转录试剂盒(美国Axygen公司生产);SYBR Green实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)试剂盒(日本TaKaRa公司生产)。

1.3 方法

1.3.1 患者DAS28评分情况 参照Prevoo的计算方法[10],通过对肩、肘、腕、掌指、指间、膝共28个关节计分,DAS28=0.28×肿胀关节数+0.56×压痛关节数+0.7×ln(红细胞沉降率)×1.08+0.16。类风湿关节炎患者按DAS28评分,将患者的活动度分为低、中、高三个等级。其中,低活动度:DAS28评分<3.2分;中活动度:3.2分≤DAS28评分≤5.1分;高活动度:DAS28评分≥5.1分。

1.3.2 标本采集 采集患者3 mL外周血,用EDTA进行抗凝处理,将抗凝处理后的血液和生理盐水按1:1混匀,通过Ficoll梯度离心分离法,分离出外周血淋巴细胞(PBMC),PBS洗涤2次,Trizol法提取细胞RNA,通过反转录试剂盒,反转录为cDNA,保存于-80℃条件下备用。

1.3.3 qRT-PCR方法 以cDNA为模板,β-actin作为内参,在qRT-PCR系统上进行扩增,每个样本均设3个复孔。用Primer5.0软件进行引物设计,由广州锐博生物科技有限公司合成,TTS F:5"GAACCCAGCACCTACCAGT3,R:5"CGCAGGAAGTGGTGTGGTCT3";β-actin F:5"CTGACTGACTACCTCATGAAGATC,R:5"GGA-AGGAAGGCTGGAAGAGTG。PCR条件:95℃ 5 min;40个PCR循环(95℃ 15 s,62℃ 60 s,72℃ 60 s)。

1.4 统计学处理

采用SPSS18.0统计学软件进行分析,计数资料用%表示,采用χ2检验,计量资料用(x±s)表示,采用t检验;相关性采用Spearman分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

2 结果

2.1 两组患者临床和实验室指标比较

观察组和对照组在年龄、性别上无显著差异;观察组患者CRP、ESR、RF水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);觀察组中,中活动度患者CRP、ESR、RF、DAS28评分显著高于低活动度患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高活动度患者CRP、ESR、RF、DAS28评分显著高于中、低活动度患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表1。

2.2 两组患者PBMC中 TTS、IDO mRNA的表达情况比较

观察组TTS mRNA的表达显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组IDO mRNA的表达和对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。见表2。

2.3 不同活动度类风湿关节炎患者患者TTS mRNA的表达情况比较

中活动度患者TTS mRNA的表达显著高于低活动度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高活动度患者TTS mRNA的表达显著高于低、中活动度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表3。

2.4 类风湿关节炎患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中TTS mRNA与各指标的相关性分析

TTS mRNA的表达量与ESR的含量呈正相关(r=0.547,P<0.01),TTS mRNA的表达量与DAS28得分也呈正相关(r=0.560,P<0.01),与其他指标无相关性。

3 讨论

类风湿性关节炎属于慢性、自身免疫性[11,12]、炎症性疾病,其发病机制尚未完全阐明[13]。有研究发现,类风湿性关节炎的发生和发展与免疫细胞在关节内的活化、聚集相关,导致患者免疫调节失衡,导致组织、软骨、骨的损伤。色氨酸属于人体必需氨基酸,一般情况下,成人色氨酸约需求量为3 mg/(kg·d)[14,15]。吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(indoleamine2,3-dioxygenase,IDO)属于含亚铁血红素的单肽链[16,17],是色氨酸沿犬尿氨酸(kynurenine,Kyn)代谢的关键酶。正常情况下,体内IDO的表达量较低,且特异性表达在巨噬细胞、上皮细胞、树突状细胞等免疫细胞上[18]。当IDO的表达量上调、功能增强时,促进体内色氨酸的代谢,生成犬尿氨酸,抑制免疫细胞的功能,细胞处于静止期,阻断T淋巴细胞的免疫应答,诱导机体产生免疫耐受。

細胞内的TTS与特定的氨酰t RNA合成酶结合可储存色氨酸,增加细胞内色氨酸的储备,调节色氨酸的代谢过程,拮抗IDO因色氨酸消耗介导的免疫抑制,调控机体的免疫应答。研究显示,TTS能有效拮抗IDO对色氨酸的代谢和消耗[19]。IDO/TTS对色氨酸的相反利用方向,IDO促进色氨酸的消耗而抑制细胞免疫,TTS通过与色氨酸结合而维持细胞免疫。因此,IDO、TTS共同参与体内色氨酸的代谢,参与免疫调节[20]。我们推测外周血淋巴细胞中色氨酸代谢的失调参与了类风湿性关节炎的发生和发展,自身反应性免疫细胞的激活和对自身组织的持续破坏,最终导致了类风湿性关节炎的发病和发展。

本研究发现,类风湿关节炎患者活动度越高,CRP、ESR、RF、DAS28评分越高。其中,CRP是肝脏在白介素-6的调节下分泌的一种蛋白质,参与机体非特异性免疫,激活补体经典途径,调节吞噬作用,增强组织因子的生成;ESR是指单位时间内红细胞的沉降率,ESR的升高提示疾病处于活动期;RF是血液中的一种抗体,临床上常用来辅助诊断内风湿性关节炎的一个指标。类风湿关节炎患者体内TTS mRNA的表达显著高于正常水平;且不同活动度类风湿关节炎患者TTS mRNA的表达不同,活动度越高,TTS mRNA的表达越高;TTS mRNA的表达量与ESR的含量、DAS28得分呈正相关。因TTS表达上升可引起色氨酸代谢失衡,在免疫性疾病的发生中发挥重要的免疫调节作用。因此,推测外周血微环境中的色氨酸代谢途径失调也可引起类风湿性关节炎患者自身反应性免疫细胞的持续激活及对自身组织的破坏,从而导致了类风湿性关节炎的发生。

综上所述,类风湿关节炎患者中TTS mRNA表达升高,可能与色氨酸代谢失调相关,且疾病活动度越高,TTS mRNA的表达量越高。在临床工作中,我们可以通过检测患者体内TTS mRNA的表达量对患者的病情进行评估,为探索类风湿关节炎的发病机制提供基础,且为早期诊断和治疗提供新的方向。

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(收稿日期:2018-03-23)

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